Using Natural Light in Product Photography:

How to Use Natural Light for Stunning Product Shots

Natural light is one of the most accessible and versatile tools in a photographer’s arsenal, especially when it comes to product photography.

It offers a cost-effective way to capture stunning images without the need for expensive studio equipment.

If you are just starting out, mastering the use of natural light can significantly improve the quality of your product photos.

In this guide, we’ll explore how to harness natural light to create beautifully lit product images.

I’ll cover everything from setting up your shoot indoors and outdoors, to choosing the right time of day, and even how to overcome common challenges like harsh shadows and inconsistent lighting.

By the end of this article, you’ll have the knowledge and confidence to use natural light effectively, allowing your images to shine … bad pun intended.

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Understanding Natural Light

What is Natural Light in Photography?

Natural light in photography refers to any light that comes from the sun, whether it’s direct sunlight or diffused light through clouds.

Unlike artificial lighting, which can be manipulated and controlled with great precision, natural light offers a more organic and often softer quality.

This makes it an ideal choice for creating authentic and aesthetically pleasing product images.

Natural light can still be categorized into two types: soft light and hard light.

• Soft Light: This occurs when the sunlight is diffused, either by clouds, a diffuser, or when it enters a room indirectly. Soft light creates minimal shadows and evenly illuminates the subject, making it ideal for capturing delicate textures and fine details. It’s particularly useful in product photography for items like jewelry, cosmetics, and food.
• Hard Light: This is direct sunlight that casts sharp, well-defined shadows. Hard light can be more challenging to work with but is useful when you want to highlight the contours and shapes of a product. It can add drama and depth to your images, which can be advantageous for certain types of products, such as rugged outdoor gear or fashion accessories.

Benefits of Using Natural Light

Natural light offers several advantages, making it a preferred choice for many photographers:

• Cost-Effectiveness: Natural light is free and readily available, making it an excellent option for photographers who are just starting out or those who want to minimize their equipment costs. There’s no need for expensive lighting setups, which can be particularly beneficial for small businesses or hobbyist photographers.
• Authenticity: Natural light tends to produce more authentic and true-to-life images. It preserves the natural colors and textures of products, which is crucial for eCommerce photography where accurate representation of the product is essential.
• Versatility: Natural light can be used both indoors and outdoors, offering flexibility depending on the shoot’s location and the desired effect. Indoors, it can create a cozy, inviting atmosphere, while outdoors, it can be harnessed to produce stunning, naturally lit scenes.

Indoor vs. Outdoor Natural Light

Indoor Natural Light: When shooting indoors, natural light typically enters through windows or doorways. The quality of this light can vary greatly depending on the time of day, the size of the window, and any obstructions outside.

Indoor natural light is often softer and more diffused, especially if the window faces away from the direct sun. This light is perfect for achieving a controlled, consistent look in product photography.

Outdoor Natural Light: Outdoors, you have the entire sky as your light source. The quality and direction of this light change throughout the day, offering a variety of moods and effects.

Early morning and late afternoon (often referred to as the golden hour) provide soft, warm light that’s ideal for creating a pleasant and inviting look.

Midday sun, on the other hand, produces strong, direct light that can be more challenging but also offers unique opportunities for dramatic shadows and contrast.

Understanding these aspects of natural light is crucial for making informed decisions about when and where to shoot your product photos.

By recognizing the differences between indoor and outdoor natural light and knowing how to work with each, you can enhance the quality of your product photography and achieve the desired results.

Setting Up for Indoor Product Photography

Finding Your Light Source

The key to successful indoor product photography with natural light is finding the right light source.

Typically, this will be a large window or a doorway that allows ample light to flood into the space.

When setting up your shoot, position your product near the window where the light is strongest but still diffused.

Ideally, the light should come from the side of your product rather than directly in front or behind it. This side lighting will create soft shadows that add depth and dimension to your product images without creating harsh contrasts.

• Tip: If the light is too direct, consider placing a sheer curtain or white fabric over the window to soften it. This will help diffuse the light, reducing the risk of overexposure and harsh shadows.

Using Diffusers

A diffuser is an essential tool when working with natural light indoors. It softens the light, creating a more even distribution across the product and minimizing harsh shadows.

Diffusers can be as simple as a piece of white fabric or professional-grade tools like covers from softboxes or popup diffusers designed specifically for photography.

• DIY Diffusers: You don’t need to invest in expensive equipment to achieve great results. Common household items like sheer curtains, white bed sheets, or even a large piece of tracing paper can serve as effective diffusers. Simply place the diffuser between the window and your product to soften the light.
• Using Diffusers Effectively: The closer the diffuser is to the light source, the softer the light will become. Experiment with the distance between the diffuser and the window to achieve the desired level of softness for your shoot.

Using Reflectors

Reflectors are invaluable for bouncing light back onto your product, especially when you’re dealing with shadows on the side opposite the window.

By placing a reflector on the shadowed side of the product, it will “bounce” the light back toward the product and you can fill in these darker areas, creating a more balanced and evenly lit image.

• Inexpensive Reflector Options: If you don’t have a professional reflector, you can use white foam board, aluminum foil, or even a large piece of white cardboard. These materials are readily available and can be just as effective at reflecting light.
• Positioning the Reflector: The closer the reflector is to your product, the more light it will bounce back. Adjust the angle and distance to control the intensity of the reflected light and reduce shadows.

Experimenting with Angles and Light Placement

One of the advantages of shooting indoors with natural light is the ability to move both your product and your light source (i.e., the window or doorway) to different positions.

Don’t hesitate to experiment with various angles and placements to find the most flattering light for your product.

• Side Lighting: As mentioned earlier, side lighting often provides the best results for product photography. It creates soft shadows and highlights the texture and shape of the product, adding depth without overwhelming the image with harsh contrasts.
• Backlighting: For a more dramatic effect, you can position your product so that the light comes from behind it. This technique can create a soft halo effect around the product, making it stand out against the background. However, be cautious with backlighting, as it can sometimes result in a loss of detail in the product itself.
• Top Lighting: Another option is to place the product directly under the light source, such as a skylight or a high window. This creates a soft, even light that is perfect for flat lays and overhead shots, where you want to minimize shadows and ensure even lighting across the entire product.

By carefully selecting your light source, using diffusers and reflectors, and experimenting with different lighting angles, you can achieve professional-quality product images using natural light indoors.

These techniques will help you create images that are well-lit, balanced, and visually appealing, regardless of the size or complexity of the product.

Setting Up for Outdoor Product Photography

Planning Your Shoot

Outdoor product photography using natural light can yield stunning results, but it requires careful planning to manage the variables that come with shooting outside. The quality and direction of natural light change throughout the day, so timing is critical.

• Golden Hour: The best time to shoot outdoors is during the golden hour, which occurs shortly after sunrise and just before sunset. During these times, the light is soft, warm, and evenly diffused, creating a flattering glow that enhances the product’s features without harsh shadows. This light is particularly effective for products that benefit from a warm and inviting tone, such as lifestyle items or fashion accessories.
• Midday Sun: Shooting during midday, when the sun is directly overhead, can be more challenging due to the harsh, direct light that creates strong shadows and high contrast. If you must shoot during this time, consider using natural elements like trees, buildings, or portable diffusers to block and soften the light. Alternatively, seek out shaded areas that offer even lighting without the harshness of direct sunlight.
• Overcast Days: Cloudy or overcast days are ideal for outdoor product photography because the clouds act as a giant diffuser, softening the sunlight and reducing harsh shadows. This type of light is perfect for capturing fine details and ensuring even exposure across the entire product.

Managing Harsh Light

Harsh light is one of the biggest challenges in outdoor photography, especially when shooting in the middle of the day. However, there are several techniques you can use to manage and control harsh light to achieve the desired effect.

• Using Diffusers Outdoors: Just as with indoor photography, diffusers are invaluable when shooting outdoors. A portable diffuser can help soften direct sunlight, reducing harsh shadows and glare. Large diffusers can also be used to create a softbox effect, spreading the light more evenly across the product.
• Shooting in the Shade: If a diffuser isn’t available, moving your product into the shade can provide more controlled lighting conditions. Shade helps to avoid the strong contrast that direct sunlight creates, producing a more balanced exposure. When shooting in the shade, be mindful of the color temperature of the light, as it may lean cooler than direct sunlight. You can adjust this in post-processing if needed.
• Using Reflectors: Reflectors are just as important outdoors as they are indoors. By strategically positioning a reflector opposite the light source, you can bounce light back onto the shadowed areas of your product, creating a more balanced image. Reflectors also allow you to add a touch of warmth to your photos if you’re shooting in cooler light conditions, such as in the shade or on an overcast day.

Utilizing Natural Backdrops

The outdoors offers an endless variety of natural backdrops that can enhance your product photography. The key is to choose a background that complements your product without overpowering it.

• Simple Backgrounds: Natural elements like grass, sand, or water can serve as simple yet effective backgrounds that add context and interest to your product shots. These backgrounds work particularly well for products that have an outdoor or natural appeal, such as camping gear, skincare products, or casual clothing.
• Textured Backgrounds: Stone walls, wooden surfaces, or metal structures can provide a textured background that adds depth and contrast to your product images. These types of backgrounds are ideal for products that need a more rugged or industrial look, such as tools, accessories, or handcrafted items.
• Incorporating the Environment: For products that are used outdoors, such as sports equipment or outdoor furniture, incorporating the environment into the shot can tell a more compelling story. For example, a pair of hiking boots photographed on a rocky trail, or a picnic set arranged on a grassy field, helps the viewer envision the product in use, making the image more engaging and relatable.

By planning your outdoor shoots around the best lighting conditions, managing harsh light effectively, and choosing complementary natural backdrops, you can create striking product images that stand out.

Outdoor photography with natural light offers unique opportunities to capture products in a way that feels authentic and dynamic, making it a valuable skill in your toolkit.

Camera Settings for Natural Light Photography

Best Practices for ISO, Aperture, and Shutter Speed

When shooting product photography using natural light, getting the camera settings right is important for achieving sharp, well-exposed images.

Here’s a breakdown of how to manage the key settings:

• ISO: Keep the ISO as low as possible, typically between 100 and 400, to minimize noise and maintain image quality. Natural light, especially when shooting outdoors or near a well-lit window, often provides ample illumination, so a low ISO is ideal. If you’re shooting in a dimly lit environment or on an overcast day, you may need to raise the ISO slightly, but be cautious as higher ISO levels can introduce graininess to the image.
• Aperture: The aperture setting controls the depth of field, which is particularly important in product photography. A smaller aperture (higher f-stop number, like f/8 to f/16) will give you a deeper depth of field, ensuring that more of your product is in sharp focus. This is useful when you want to highlight intricate details across the entire product. For more creative shots or when you want to isolate a specific part of the product, a wider aperture (lower f-stop number, like f/2.8 to f/4) can create a shallower depth of field, blurring the background and drawing attention to the focal point.
• Shutter Speed: The shutter speed determines how long your camera’s sensor is exposed to light. In natural light photography, the shutter speed will depend on the available light and the aperture you’ve chosen. A slower shutter speed (e.g., 1/60th of a second or slower) allows more light in, which is useful in low-light conditions. However, slower shutter speeds require a tripod to avoid camera shake and ensure the image remains sharp. For hand-held shots, aim for a shutter speed of at least 1/125th of a second to avoid motion blur.

Shooting in Manual Mode

Using manual mode gives you full control over the camera settings, allowing you to adjust ISO, aperture, and shutter speed independently to achieve the best exposure.

While it may seem daunting at first, manual mode is essential for precise control in natural light photography, where light conditions can change rapidly.

• Balancing the Exposure Triangle: The key to shooting in manual mode is balancing the exposure triangle—ISO, aperture, and shutter speed. Adjusting one setting will often require compensating with another. For instance, if you increase the aperture (making the f-stop number smaller), you might need to decrease the shutter speed or lower the ISO to maintain proper exposure.  To learn more about exposure settings, read my article: Camera Exposure Settings.
• Using the Histogram: The histogram is a valuable tool in manual mode that shows the distribution of light in your image. It helps ensure that your photos are neither too dark (underexposed) nor too bright (overexposed). Aim for a balanced histogram with most of the data points falling in the middle range, avoiding peaks at either end.

Using a Tripod

A tripod is an indispensable tool in natural light photography, especially when working with slower shutter speeds or when you need consistent framing across multiple shots.

• Stability: A tripod ensures that your camera remains steady, preventing motion blur and maintaining the sharpness of your images. This is particularly important when using slower shutter speeds, which can easily lead to blurry images if the camera is hand-held.
• Consistency: When shooting multiple products or angles, a tripod helps maintain consistent framing and perspective. This is crucial for product photography, where uniformity across images can significantly enhance the professional appearance of your portfolio or online store.
• Flexibility: Many tripods come with adjustable heads, allowing you to change the camera’s angle and orientation without losing stability. This flexibility is useful when experimenting with different perspectives or when you need to switch between landscape and portrait modes quickly.

I use and recommend the Manfrotto Befree Advanced Lever 4-Section Aluminum Travel Tripod. It is sturdy enough I use one in my studio, yet light enough I can take it on location shoots.

I replaced the head on this tripod with a Manfrotto Grip Action Ball Head which allows me to quickly adjust the camera angle.  After working with this head for more than 3 years on an almost daily basis, it has held up very well.

There are times however that I think about getting the Manfrotto 410 Junior Geared Head because it would allow more precise adjustments – but for my work, I’m not sure it’s needed – and it is pretty expensive.

(Oh, and yeah, they are affiliate links – but I do use these and recommend them if you are serious about product photography.)

Now let’s get back to camera settings when using natural light.

By mastering the camera settings and techniques above, you can fully harness the power of natural light in your product photography.

Whether you’re shooting indoors or outdoors, understanding how to balance ISO, aperture, and shutter speed in manual mode, along with using a tripod, will help you achieve consistent, high-quality results.

Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them

Dealing with Inconsistent Light

One of the biggest challenges when using natural light in product photography is its inconsistency.

Unlike studio lighting, which remains constant, natural light changes throughout the day and is influenced by factors such as weather conditions and the positioning of the sun.

This can make it difficult to maintain a consistent look across a series of product images.

• Solution: Plan and Adapt: To manage inconsistent light, plan your shoots during times when the light is more stable, such as the golden hour or on overcast days when the light is diffused and even. If you need to shoot over a longer period, be prepared to adjust your camera settings, especially the ISO and shutter speed, to compensate for the changing light. Keep an eye on the histogram to ensure your exposure remains consistent across shots.
• Use of Reflectors and Diffusers: If the light becomes too harsh or starts casting unwanted shadows, using reflectors and diffusers can help control the light. A diffuser can soften the light, while a reflector can fill in shadows, making the light appear more uniform.

Avoiding and Correcting Harsh Shadows

Harsh shadows are another common issue in natural light photography, particularly when shooting in direct sunlight.

These shadows can obscure important details of your product or create an unbalanced look in the final image.

• Solution: Positioning and Tools: Avoid positioning your product directly under the light source. Instead, place it in an area where the light is softer, such as next to a window with a sheer curtain or in the shade when shooting outdoors. Using a reflector on the opposite side of the light source can help fill in the shadows and reduce their intensity.
• Post-Processing Adjustments: If shadows are still too harsh, you can correct them in post-processing. Use tools like the shadows slider in Adobe Lightroom or Photoshop to lift the shadows without affecting the overall contrast of the image. Be careful not to overdo it, as this can make the image appear flat and unnatural.

Managing Reflections

Reflections can be a significant challenge, especially when photographing shiny or reflective products like glassware, electronics, or jewelry.

These reflections can distract from the product and introduce unwanted elements into the shot.

• Solution: Adjust Angles and Use Polarizing Filters: Changing the angle at which you shoot can help minimize reflections. Experiment with different positions until you find one that reduces or eliminates unwanted reflections. A polarizing filter can also be effective in reducing reflections from surfaces like glass or water, allowing the true color and detail of the product to shine through.
• DIY Fixes: If you don’t have a polarizing filter, you can try using a large piece of black foam board with a hole cut out for the camera lens. This setup reduces the likelihood of the camera or other objects reflecting in the product, giving you a cleaner shot.

Ensuring Color Accuracy

Natural light can vary in color temperature, which may affect how your product’s colors appear in the final image. This is particularly true if you’re shooting at different times of the day or in varying light conditions.

• Solution: White Balance Settings and Calibration Tools: Set your camera’s white balance manually based on the lighting conditions. Most cameras offer presets like daylight, cloudy, or shade, which can help you achieve more accurate colors. For the best results, consider using a gray card or a color calibration tool to ensure your colors are true to life.
• Post-Processing Corrections: If your colors still appear off, you can adjust them during post-processing. Tools like the white balance slider or color correction tools in Lightroom or Photoshop allow you to fine-tune the color temperature and tint to match the actual product.

By understanding these common challenges and learning how to overcome them, you can significantly improve the quality of your product photography using natural light.

These techniques will help you produce consistent, professional images that accurately represent your products, even when faced with the unpredictability of natural lighting conditions.

Remember …

Natural light is a versatile and powerful tool in product photography, offering unique qualities that when used with thought of how it will play across the products, can create impressive results.

From choosing the right time of day to using diffusers, reflectors, and the correct camera settings, the techniques outlined in this guide will help you overcome common challenges and make the most of natural light.

Practice and experimentation are key to mastering natural light photography. The more you work with it, the better you’ll become at adapting to its nuances.

So, embrace the natural light around you, and watch as your product photography reaches new heights.

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